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is effectively managing their diabetes with lifestyle changes or metformin aloneĪ doctor might recommend A1C targets of 7.0–8.5% if a person:.

is young and has a long life expectancy.

In general, a doctor might recommend aiming for A1C levels under 6.5% if a person:

the person’s preferences and treatment priorities.

any history of adverse effects from the treatment, including episodes of low blood glucose, or hypoglycemia.

The right target varies from person to person.įor someone with diabetes, the target A1C level may depend on: Target levels in people with diabetesĪ doctor will set a person’s target A1C level based on many factors. Their doctor might order a repeat test to confirm this. If someone’s A1C levels are higher than normal, they may have diabetes or prediabetes. Normal eAG is below 117 mg/dL or 6.5 mmol/L. It takes into account fluctuations throughout the day, such as overnight and after meals.Ī normal A1C level is below 5.7%. The A1C test gives a more accurate long-term average.

Alternately, they may be reported as estimated average glucose (eAG), in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L).īlood glucose meters and continuous glucose monitors also give eAG readings, some from at least 12 days of data. Traditionally, A1C levels are reported as a percentage. In this case, the person still needs to undergo regular A1C testing. If a person takes insulin to manage diabetes, their doctor may also ask them to monitor their blood glucose levels at home with a blood glucose meter or continuous glucose monitor. monitor the blood glucose levels of a person with diabetes to check how well their treatment is working.

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Undergoing the A1C test is straightforward: A healthcare professional takes a blood sample and sends it to a laboratory for testing. The more glucose in a person’s bloodstream, the more hemoglobin is bound to glucose. When glucose enters the blood, it binds to hemoglobin. It helps carry oxygen from the lungs to other tissues.

Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein in red blood cells. This measurement gives doctors an idea of the person’s average blood glucose levels over the past 2–3 months. The A1C test measures the percentage of red blood cells that have glucose-coated hemoglobin.